Construction Coverage Starts at One Employee: Florida requires construction employers to secure workers compensation coverage with one or more employees, including business owners who are corporate officers or limited liability company members. Non-construction employers do not reach the requirement until four or more. That difference is why generic small business guidance misleads contractors so reliably. Practically, it means the coverage cost and the payroll records that support it exist from your first hire, and payroll has to be recorded properly from the first week rather than tidied up once the company feels big enough to bother.
An Uninsured Subcontractor Becomes Your Problem: A contractor is required to verify that subcontractors have secured the required coverage before they begin work on a project, and where a subcontractor has not, that subcontractor workers are treated as the contractor employees for benefit purposes. The consequence shows up twice: as liability if somebody is hurt, and as premium if an auditor finds payments to a sub with no certificate on file. This is a documentary control that lives in accounts payable and has to be exercised before the first payment, because afterwards nobody returns your calls.
Officer Exemptions Are Limited and They Expire: Florida allows construction industry corporate officers to elect exemption only where each owns at least 10 percent of the stock of the corporation, and no more than three officers of a corporation or of any group of affiliated corporations may elect to be exempt. A certificate of election to be exempt issued since 2013 is valid for two years and then lapses. So an exemption is a dated document in your file, not a permanent status, and a company that adds owners or restructures can quietly outgrow the limit without anyone raising it.
Florida Reemployment Tax and the Quarterly RT-6: Florida has no state income tax withholding, which is exactly why contractors here underestimate payroll administration. Reemployment tax is reported on the Employer Quarterly Report, Form RT-6, due by the end of the month following each quarter, and the return is required even for a quarter with no wages. Only the first 7,000 dollars of wages paid to each employee in a calendar year is taxable, and new employers begin at an initial rate of 2.7 percent until their own experience is reflected. With crews turning over between jobs, that wage base is consumed and reset more often than most owners expect.
What the Premium Audit Reads: The audit is a records exercise. It works from your payroll register, your general ledger and cash disbursements, and your certificate file, and it reconstructs what work was performed by whom. Where payroll is not separated in a way that supports the classification you want applied, you are unlikely to get the benefit of it. Where a payment to a subcontractor has no certificate behind it, expect that payment to be treated as payroll. Keeping those two records accurate through the year is ordinary bookkeeping done deliberately, and it is the cheapest insurance work available.
Certified Payroll on Federally Funded Recovery Work: Federally funded and federally assisted construction contracts above 2,000 dollars fall under the Davis-Bacon Act, which requires the applicable wage determination to be paid and a weekly certified payroll to be submitted, generally on US Department of Labor Form WH-347. A good deal of Lee County recovery work carries federal dollars, and contractors whose experience is private and insurance-funded often produce their first certified payroll on one of those jobs. The demand is the weekly rhythm and the requirement that the filed payroll and the job-cost labor agree, so both should come out of one payroll run.
W-9 Collection, 1099-NEC and Worker Classification: A contractor paying a subcontractor 600 dollars or more in a year must file a 1099-NEC, and in a market full of small operators the line between a subcontractor and an employee is tested by auditors rather than by you. Both are handled by the same discipline: collect the W-9 and the coverage or exemption certificate before the first payment, code every payment to the vendor and the job as it happens, and keep the certificate file current. Done that way, January is a print run rather than an investigation.